There was a strong positive relationship between female incubation attentiveness and incubation feeding by males; however, female attentiveness was higher in North America than in Australia learn more and New Zealand for the same intensity of male incubation feeding. Incubation feeding was not related to species body mass, social organization, geographical latitude or ambient temperature. It differed significantly between families, but overall was not different between regions. Incubation feeding rate was related to nest predation rate, but differently in the two regions. It increased with nest
predation rate in Australia and New Zealand, but decreased with nest predation rate in North America. We suggest that this may be caused by different predatore-prey interactions in North America versus Australia and New Zealand, which
could have shaped the evolution of incubation feeding differently. (C) 2011 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Biovolume calculation of micro algae is commonly used for the assessment in relative abundance (as biomass or carbon) of coexistent algae that vary in shape and/or size. Periphyton samples were obtained within a more general program, in fishery tanks and streams situated in the upper basin region of Tibagi River, nearby Londrina, Parana state, south of Brazil. The present work proposes new algorithms for the determination Flavopiridol of algal species volume. Results showed that Gyrosigma scalproides (Rabenhorst) Cleve 1894 and Tetraedron gracile (Reinsch) Hansgirg 1889 were exceptions inside their genus and the present new formula for biovolume and area gives more adequate results. In addition,
new formulas applied for Phacus longicauda (Ehrenberg) Dujardin 1841 and Kirchneriella lunaris (Kirchner) Mobius 1894 also showed much more accurate results than in the previous works. The difference in the calculations of biovolume Captisol nmr between the present method and others was not small and could not be neglected.”
“XR5944 is a potent anticancer drug with a novel DNA binding mode: DNA bis-intercalationg with major groove binding. XR5944 can bind the estrogen response element (ERE) sequence to block ER-ERE binding and inhibit ER alpha activities, which may be useful for overcoming drug resistance to currently available antiestrogen treatments. This review discusses the progress relating to the structure and function studies of specific DNA recognition of XR5944. The sites of intercalation within a native promoter sequence appear to be different from the ideal binding site and are context- and sequence-dependent. The structural information may provide insights for rational design of improved ERE-specific XR5944 derivatives, as well as of DNA bis-intercalators in general.”
“There is scant and conflicting literature regarding bony canals of the clivus.